what的中文意思 whatabout…翻译中文
这两个短语“whattodo”和“howtodo”都由特殊疑问词加不定式构成,属于一种特殊的句型结构,它们在句中通常充当宾语从句。
"whattodo" 作为一个完整的表达,意为“做什么”。其中,"what" 是 "do" 的宾语,因此不定式后面不能再接宾语。例如:
I don’t know what to do. (我不知道该做什么。)
这句话也可以替换成:“I don’t know what I can do.” 意思是相同的。
而“howtodo” 则与之有所不同,它本身并不完整,因为“how”是一个提问方式,要求后面必须跟随“do”的宾语,才能表达“如何做”的意思。例如:
I don’t know how to do this thing. (我不知道该如何做这件事。)
这里的 "how" 提问的是方式或方法,表示不确定如何完成某项任务。可以进一步换句话说:“I don’t know how I can do this thing.” 也是相同的含义。
重点:如何使用“how to do it”
当我们遇到“how to do it”这样的结构时,"how" 后跟着不定式“to do”以及宾语“it”,这就构成了一个完整且正确的表达方式,意指“如何去做它”。例如:
Could you please tell me how to do it? (你能告诉我该怎么做吗?)
这里询问的正是方法或步骤,特别是在面对某个需要完成的任务时,提出“该如何做”的问题。
另外的例子:
Mom, can you tell me how to do it? (妈妈,能告诉我该怎么做吗?)
在《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》中有类似的表达:
Could you suggest someone to advise me how to do this? (你能推荐一个人来帮我出个主意吗?)
还有一些常见句型:
If you don’t know how to do it, don’t fool with it. (如果你不会做,就别瞎搞。)
No matter how hard it is, I’ll learn how to do it. (无论多难,我都会学会怎么做。)
Let's pool our ideas and see what to do. (大家一起集思广益,看看接下来该怎么做。)
It wasn’t until we each went our separate ways that I began to learn how to do things for myself. (直到我们各自分道扬镳,我才开始学会独立做事。)
更多示例
I don’t know what to do next. (我不知道接下来该做什么。)
I’m just fed up and don’t know what to do. (我现在很厌倦,根本不知道该怎么办。)
We know what to do to make it work. (我们知道怎样做才能使它起作用。)
We had to think what to do next. (我们不得不思考下一步该怎么办。)
The government appears to be in a quandary about what to do with so many people. (似乎陷入了困境,不知道该如何处理这么多人。)
There are seasoned professionals who can teach you and show you what to do. (有经验丰富的专业人士能够教你,并向你展示如何做。)
We will be having a meeting to decide what to do. (我们准备决定该怎么办。)
But you’d find him a good worker if you showed him what to do. (如果你告诉他该做什么,你会发现他是个不错的员工。)
You’re a wise old man: tell me what to do. (您是位睿智的长者,请告诉我该怎么办。)
Look, Mister, we know our job, so don’t try to tell us what to do. (听着,先生,我们知道自己该干什么,不需要你来指挥。)
This was such a great breach of etiquette, he hardly knew what to do. (这是一次严重的失礼行为,他几乎不知所措。)
He knows what to do. He’s been around. (他知道该做什么,他经验丰富。)
‘Tell me what to do!’ she implored him. (“告诉我该怎么办!”她恳求他说。)
I’m glad you read the riot act to Billy. He’s still a kid and still needs to be told what to do. (我很高兴你警告比利不要胡闹。他还只是个孩子,仍然需要别人告诉他该做什么。)
The girl was uncertain what to do, or what tone of voice to adopt. (女孩不知道该做什么,也不知道该用什么语气说。)
Was there a difference of opinion over what to do with the Nobel Prize money? (对于如何使用那笔奖金,有不同的意见吗?)
He is tussling with the problem of what to do about inflation. (他正在为如何解决通货膨胀的问题而苦恼。)
James was at a loss as to what to do and felt lost. (詹姆斯感到手足无措,迷茫不知所措。)
She spread out her arms, not knowing what to do. (她双臂,不知道该做什么。)
People concerned have been invited here to discuss what to do next. (有关人士已被邀请到这里讨论下一步该做什么。)
For a moment, I just didn’t know what to do. (有那么一会儿,我完全不知道该怎么办。)
以上例句摘自《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》和《汉英大词典》,展示了“what to do”和“how to do”在不同语境下的应用。