可燃冰是纯净物吗（纯度如何，有哪些杂质）

The global energy problem is tied to a substance called "ice," which is flammable ice.

Why can ice burn? Because the composition of this ice is not water, but natural gas, simply put, it is ice formed from natural gas.

Flammable ice

Flammable ice is a solid substance similar to compressed natural gas, and a standard volume of flammable ice is equivalent to 164 cubic meters of natural gas.

However, such flammable ice is not easily obtained. It is hidden in very deep places.

Platform for extracting flammable ice

Flammable ice, like natural gas, consists mainly of methane. It is just that flammable ice is another form of methane - clathrate.

Like natural gas and oil, it is stored in the Earth's crust, but it exists in the deep layers of the Earth's crust because of high pressure, low temperature, and encountering water, forming a solid substance with the same appearance as ice.

Therefore, flammable ice, scientifically known as natural gas hydrate, is a special form of natural gas that can burn, with the main product of combustion being carbon dioxide.

Structure of flammable ice

Due to the stringent conditions for its formation, flammable ice exists in the deep sea of the coastal continental shelf, deep oceans, and even in the depths of some lakes.

The precursor of flammable ice is various living organisms, buried in the Earth's crust after mass extinction events. The organic matter formed methane over the years and months.

Generally speaking, the presence of flammable ice overlaps with the locations of natural gas and oil. It's just that oil and natural gas are in the upper layer, and it's in the lower layer.

According to the formation conditions, it is theoretically supposed to have the most flammable ice in the North and South Poles. Unfortunately, human research on flammable ice has not been as extensive as traditional fossil fuels, and the flammable ice in the North and South Poles is still in an unknown state to this day.

Flammable ice preserved at high pressure and low temperature

In addition to the Earth, flammable ice is also widely believed to exist in the universe, with just flammable ice in the solar system alone.

Many people believe that comets contain flammable ice, so when they come into friction with the atmosphere, they burn. This is also why it is difficult to find residual meteorites when comets come to Earth, because the main components of comets are ice and various gases.

There is a moon in the solar system called Titan, also known as "Saturn VI", with its main components being methane and water. It has an atmosphere, and the atmospheric pressure is 1.5 times that of Earth.

There is believed to be flammable ice on Titan

Astronomers believe that there is a lot of flammable ice on Titan, and they form the foundation of this planet.

1 cubic meter of flammable ice can release 164 cubic meters of natural gas from within, so it is a concentrated essence.

Why can't flammable ice shake the status of traditional fossil energy? The biggest reason is that the difficulty of extracting flammable ice is too great!

Natural gas

The places where flammable ice exists are very tricky—either in the coastal continental shelves where the land meets the ocean, in the deep ocean, or even in the polar regions covered with glaciers.

The first step in extracting flammable ice is to find it, a survey is needed. In the case of shallow natural gas, there is no need to search for it because sometimes it can leak by itself.

Flammable ice is hidden in very deep places, and it requires sending deep-sea detectors to the seafloor to look for it.

This step alone has stumped many countries because not every country has deep-sea detectors that can be used. Currently, every country that has found flammable ice in the world has invariably mastered deep-sea diving equipment.

Deep-sea flammable ice

The second step is to retrieve samples and analyze them. Flammable ice is not a pure substance; it can be mixed with various substances, some of which are not needed by humans.

What we see of flammable ice on television has already been refined, so it looks relatively clean, much like solid alcohol in a restaurant.

In reality, freshly extracted flammable ice looks dirty, like dirty ice blocks muddled with a lot of soil.

After analysis, the specific reserves of flammable ice can be determined, and the total amount of flammable ice in one's country can be estimated.

Survey of flammable ice

The third step is to start extracting, a process that is also very difficult, much more difficult than any other energy source, because it cannot be transported by pipeline like oil and natural gas, nor can it be transported by conveyor belt like coal.

Flammable ice is difficult to store</span, because it is a solid of water and natural gas formed under high pressure and low temperature, and if the pressure decreases and the temperature rises, the structure of the clathrate will be destroyed, then the natural gas will escape, and the flammable ice will also "melt".

Therefore, during the extraction process, it is necessary to ensure that there are no drastic changes in pressure and temperature, but regardless of how the extraction is done, there will always be loss in the process.

可燃冰的开采

可燃冰的开采也增加了开采成本，产出的天然气很可能在普通家庭无法承受的范围内。

实际上，目前还没有任何国家能够实现大规模商业化开采可燃冰，大多数国家的开采工作仍然停留在研究和勘探阶段。

之前，我国在2007年成功采集了可燃冰的样本，并成为全球第四个开采到可燃冰的国家。

海上开采可燃冰

可燃冰的发现可以追溯到1810年，当时在实验室中就已经证明了天然气和水可以形成水合物。

1946年，苏联的科学家们开始在西伯利亚的冰天雪地中寻找可燃冰，一直持续了22年，在这期间他们终于发现了天然状态下的可燃冰。

1972年，在阿拉斯加的永久冻土层中发现了全球第一块可燃冰样本。

此后，越来越多的国家加入了寻找可燃冰的行列，都希望在本国发现可燃冰资源。

阿拉斯加冰原

我国从1999年开始加入寻找可燃冰的行列，先后在南海和青藏高原发现了可燃冰的迹象，并于2007年成功获得了可燃冰的样本。

随着勘测的推进，我国的可燃冰总储量逐年增加，相当于800亿吨石油。这种宝贵资源能够极大地减缓我国对进口石油的依赖。

与此我国已经研制出了可燃冰钻探平台“蓝鲸2号”，并计划于2030年开始商业开采可燃冰。

运油船

尽管对于可燃冰的开采存在一些负面情况，但我国已经准备好开始商业化开采这一珍贵的资源，从而减少对进口石油的依赖。

一些科学家认为，应该将资金投入开发新型可再生能源，而不是花费巨资开采可燃冰。

我国每年进口大量石油

尽管可燃冰采用后也会产生二氧化碳，但在使用过程中它仍然会损坏一些大陆架，引发一系列负面反应。地质学家普遍认为，大规模开采可燃冰有可能对地壳表面造成改变。

大陆架结构

可燃冰属于不可再生的化石能源，可以解决短期能源需求，但无法满足长期需求。只有可持续、可再生的能源才是未来的发展方向，因此核聚变反应备受期待。

相比之下，可再生的核聚变能源是更加可持续的选择，因为它的原料氢是全宇宙中含量最丰富的物质，氢可以从水中提取，因此是极具潜力的能源。

核聚变技术的潜在风险之一是其不受控制，一旦发生失控，会对人类造成灭顶之灾。现在人类正努力攻克可控核聚变技术。

原子核

尽管可燃冰能够解决能源问题，但它依然是化石能源，是有限的资源。在攻克更加可持续的能源之前，化石能源仍将是人类的主要能源来源。